“The forces of evolution act upon a man’s tools as well as upon man himself “

A.C. Littleton (1926, P.12)
Pic: Tom Finnie (3/3/2022) Edinburgh Business School staff portraits: Lesley Niezynski

Welcome to the tale of an Accounting Academic who transformed into an Accounting Technologist, Accounting Historian, Accounting Anthropologist and a pretty decent knitter

Dr. Lesley Niezynski is an early career interdisciplinary accounting researcher specialising in accounting technology, history and humanity. Lesley’s research centres on the interconnectivity between accounting, humanity, and technology.

Lesley has recently completed her PhD, a project centred upon the interconnectivity between humanity, accounting and technology through a study of Maritime Technology, Accounting and Merchants in Early Modern England.

Prior to accounting, Lesley’s interest in boundary blurring, human-centric research formed in her studies in Architecture, with studies in the interconnectivity of Architecture, Fashion, and Health.

What is she up to right at this very moment? Find out here.

I’m now on Substack! Find me at https://accountingforhumanity.substack.com/

  • A PhD journey in the world of Accounting, Technology and Humanity

    Welcome!

    As a first post, it seems appropriate that I introduce both myself and my intentions for this blog. I’ve started countless blogs during my life and I admit, I have failed to attain the vision I had laid out for them. So what will make this one different? The blogs of old were the whims of a teenager without true or set purpose. Today the now 36 year old PhD student has something that invokes a true passion and desire to discuss and share with the world…

    I began my PhD in Accounting in March 2021. Following a masters dissertation exploring the impact of technology on UK Accounting Professional bodies, my desire was to explore the impact of technology upon our world further. Throughout my masters research, my intrigue would always lead to the notion of 21st century technology as this unprecedented threat. It is true that the world is facing a wave of unfamiliar technology however, I would always ask myself, is this really the first time that we as a society have faced unfamiliar technology?

    My mind would think not. Thus, my focus became to look to our history with technology and ask how the innovations of our history shaped our modern Accounting profession.

  • The end is nigh…

    So, here we are. Saved in my files (and several other places) is a complete thesis. 80,000+ words pulled forth from my mind and onto ‘paper’. It’s a strange feeling, equal parts incredible and terrifying.

    The terror I should note, isn’t from the thesis, it’s from the thought of having to leave being a PhD student behind.

    Losing the Security Blanket

    The last four years (i.e., doing the PhD) has been the longest stretch of secure employment I have ever had in my adult life. Since leaving university in 2009, every role I have had has been through six month contracts. While I am always grateful to have had employment, temporary contracts are the stuff of nightmares for someone who lives with anxiety. I never had more than a week (at the point of learning my contract was getting renewed) where I wasn’t consumed by ‘what if?’ anxiety around contracts being terminated early or not being renewed. Having had one such contract terminated early which led to a year without work, I can confidently tell you it is an awful experience. One that led me into one of the deepest periods of depression I have ever gone through.

    So as you can imagine, as June 2024 approached, I started to get nervous about the PhD ending as it was abundantly clear by this point that the Higher Education sector’s foundations were becoming increasingly shakier.

    For the last six plus months I have been applying for my first PhD role, hoping that I can finally set myself on a career path (another thing I have never gotten the chance to walk, thanks Credit Crunch). Yet, as I now have had more job rejections than birthdays (note: I turned 39 recently), I am growing more frightened at the thought of the PhD blanket being pulled from me.

    Now I fully appreciate this is a bad time for all academics and I (try to) remember that this is not about me personally but, having failed to even secure an interview, it is hard to stay hopeful when it very much feels like no one wants you.

    Where will the road lead? And is this even a road?

    Despite how bleak it looks, feels and is, I am genuinely still excited to have a thesis that is now so very close to submission. Over these four years I have had so many exciting ideas that I had to put aside ‘for later’ and now ‘later’ is finally here. Amid all the anxiety stress and sadness (because rejection still hurts whether it’s a bad market or not), these projects are the things that are going to keep me going. Yes, they are not going to pay the bills (so that panic remains) but, they will help to keep me fighting and of course, they will also help me develop and (maybe) become more employable.

    So while my thesis waits for me to defend it in a Viva, I have quite a few ideas and projects being developed. I am working on my first paper; a piece of work I secretly worked on during my PhD but did not have the time to fully develop to the submit for publishing stage. It’s exciting to be working on something different (though still using my PhD research area) and who knows, with all these job rejections, publication rejections might feel like a breeze! (No they won’t but let me humour/lie to myself)

    So What’s Next?

    Of course I will be working this website (note it’s now its own proper website address rather than the free WordPress one). The site will expand to be the blog and my other work as it develops.

    Obviously the priority is employment, I cross all crossables something academic can be secured but if not, plan B is find something to pay the bills and focus on academia in my spare time.

    This PhD has confirmed to me that research/academic/sharing knowledge is truly what I want to do with my life and I will fight for it. If there is something I absolutely am it is resilient, even if I end up depressed and crying everyday, I WILL keep getting back up, it’s just what I do.

    For now however, let us focus on the culmination of four years of marvellously difficult, all encompassing and fantastically wonderful work.

  • What to do when the world (almost) falls apart

    It has been a long time since the last post. A long. Long. Time.

    As I entered this final year of my PhD, I did intend to “slow things down” on here as the effort had to shift to completing the thesis at a comfortable rate. I had ambitiously envisioned a fortnightly, or even monthly post during this time however, as always, life had other plans.

    Beholding the proverbial “Spanner in the Works”

    The 23/24 academic year began well, my timetable was entirely freed to focus on my thesis (for which I am eternally grateful) and due to this, I was making great progress on the Theoretical Framework. Joyfully I coasted through the first semester, frequently lifted by progress and potential. So much was my positivity that as 2023 came to an end I prepared myself for the next semester in good spirits. I had teaching in semester 2 and thus, I needed a solid time plan to manage teaching and keep the thesis blissfully travelling along the rails (note: my most valued lesson is that even if I only spend 15 minutes a day on it, I try to avoid taking long breaks from the thesis as it takes months to “get back into it”).

    With a robust plan in hand, I was ready for 2024. This was it, the final year and I was going to get this DONE (capital letters for motivation) in good time. Then it happened. My ignorant bliss shattered as I stood watching in horror; a Golden Spanner of Doom came careening from the void and hurtled toward the cogs that were keeping my beautifully operating time management plan in motion.

    With a week before the semester start, I was assigned an extra course to teach on. In mere seconds I had lost 80 hours off of my plan and everything collapsed. The whole plan was ruined, and my nicely “completed in good time” PhD was in flames. This sounds drastic but, as someone with anxiety and depression, my mental state is maintained with workable plans and, seeing a plan turned to dust is extremely stressful. I panicked, thought my PhD was ruined and felt entirely lost.

    Surprisingly though, this reaction was a vast improvement. Pre-therapy 2018 Lesley would have taken months to accept and adapt to this so, to progress to a (albeit unhappy) comfortable position of muted hope within a couple of weeks was an achievement. I was honest with the leadership about my mental health and as a result I was significantly helped by the support and reassurance of the course leader. Without this support, I am confident that the panic would have certainly grown and taken over.

    Thus, with a new (sort of) plan risen from the ashes, I moved through the semester without burnout or breakdown (even surviving more unexpected teaching toward the end without panic). The key lesson here came via my mentor and supervisors, that even a little work makes a big difference. I focused on reading and note-taking for my data collection and where writing was involved, I set a target of 300 words per day. These little “bite-size” pieces got me to a stage where I now have 2 of my 3 data chapters drafted and the 3rd is in note form. While I am still anxious about how long I will take to edit them to the point that I am happy with them I do not know, I am somewhat reassured that progress is happening a little bit each day.

    Losing my Supervisor

    Of all the challenges thus far, this one has hit the hardest. My primary supervisor is the reason I pursued a PhD, working with them was such an incredible and rewarding experience, and they have helped me grow exponentially in confidence and ability. When they told me they were leaving the university I was equal parts pleased for them and utterly devastated. They were getting a well deserved change, but I was losing the foundation of my PhD. One of the largest challenges here was expressing how much their support had meant without burdening them with guilt about leaving. A good supervisor very quickly becomes your “rock” both in research, personal, and professional development. They understood the inner workings of my writing and thinking, and this is critical in crafting your thesis. In short, the “got me” and my odd little quirks and I was terrified that I would find myself in a place where I would be misunderstood and reshaped into something I cannot be.

    With this there was initial panic however, I also did accept the reality of it and thus the panic did not feel as though all was lost, I knew I would (and well, had to) find a way through. I am incredibly proud of this, I have never confronted my anxiety so rationally so it was incredible to experience challenge in this way (I believe my supervisor’s support and helping me grow in confidence has something to do with this). The positive of it all was that the individual I wanted as my new supervisor volunteered before I had to ask, so this was a little confidence boost for me and my work to be remembered (another lesson: sharing your work with your team opens new opportunities).

    Now with new supervisor on board, things have kept progressing as hoped and, while I will miss my former supervisor being there (it still seems wrong they wont be there for the final showdown), I know we shall work again in future (as I will certainly continue to be a pest to them).

    The Curse of Graduation Strikes Again

    When I graduated from Architecture in 2009, I was greeted into the working world by the 2008 Credit Crunch. The job market collapsed, and for my “strictly average” persona as an architect (i.e., they hated almost every one of my project designs), my architecture career had ended before it began. Conveniently, by that stage I had no desire to be an architect however, upon reflection I do note and question the lack of encouragement by the university to pursue an academic career (my written work always got top marks), had they been more proactive here, I may have had a PhD in architecture for some 10 years by now.

    Now that my PhD draws (frighteningly) closer to the end, the academic job market is again collapsing. Universities are haemorrhaging money and a lack of government support means that this shows no sign of speedy recovery.

    This aspect is more anxiety inducing than the PhD itself. After 4 years of solid effort, where do I go now? I know there are “industry” options for post PhD but, what are they, and will I like them?

    I want to research. I want to write. I want to share this with the world. These things bring me joy, I am a lifelong learner, ever yearning to learn and share more. Plus, I have realised that I am a good writer, I have potential to go far but, how will I get there?

    And so the world keeps spinning…

    As you can see, it has been quite a rollercoaster since the last post. I do intend to be populating research-related content on here soon, but at this late stage in the PhD journey, it is very hard to place focus anywhere else. For the next 8 months, if anything, you will see one of the infinite possible experiences of a PhD in its final stages. I suspect for some that will be helpful and/or enlightening and, if nothing else, I imagine it will be therapeutic for myself.

    Or, if we are going to be honest, it may be an insight into what a procrastinating final year PhD student does instead of editing a chapter…

  • Research “To-Do”: Accounting and Fashion History

    Before a very quick exploration of the topic of Fashion History here are some brief excuses for the prolonged absence of posting.

    I will create a post about my adventures at some point but, October was a busy month most notably my first time attending a workshop and this is the experience most certainly worth sharing as, in my opinion, this was the most insightful and useful event I’ve attended during my PhD thus far. Plus, it was in Paris so there are some additional adventures to discuss.

    Secondly my excuse for the shorter post today is due to my being unwell. Struck down with what could be my first cold post COVID and they are most certainly as unenjoyable as I remember. So, while I feel sorry for myself let us talk about a Research area I had not even considered until watching a YouTube video earlier this week.

    The Dress/Mantua*-Maker – Where women ruled the earth and learned Bookkeeping

    Earlier this week I watched a recent video by Abby Cox, a fashion historian whose insight and antics keep me equal parts entertained and inspired. The subject was regarding the recent appointment of Alexander McQueen’s new creative director, an appointment that has led to every creative director of the brands under the parent company being white men.

    This led us into a quick dive into history of women’s fashion exploring and analysing how, against all common misconceptions, women’s fashion was at one time, a realm dominated by women. From a gender research perspective in itself the content was fascinating, I was aware of the association of tailors = men, women = dressmakers but, I was unaware of how influential and dominant women were in the design and creation of women’s fashion.

    However, there was one small section of the video that instantly peaked my research attention. Women, like many other ‘Guilds’ (women were not permitted to join the Guilds however, I am not 100% certain/cannot recall if a dress/mantua-makers Guild developed at some point) young women underwent apprenticeships, part of which entailed the teaching of bookkeeping skills.

    Bookkeeping? While this seems obvious/makes sense, it is none the less highly intriguing from an accounting history research perspective. Before the formalisation of accounting, bookkeeping was largely what accounting was composed of from the business perspective (more complex practices would come in time with large companies) and, after the formalisation of the profession, bookkeeping would become the realm of women (Wootton & Kemmerer, 2007).

    The inclusion of bookkeeping training for an aspiring dressmaker (or Milliner, as Cox (2023) notes this would become another female dominated craft) would assist in ensuring that a young woman’s skills in craft were matched with strong business management skills. Again from the gender history viewpoint this interests me as it strongly contrasts the stereotyped view of women and their abilities however, there is also an interesting connection being created between accounting and fashion (more so because these women would become so successful that, in time, men would usurp the industry).

    Of further interest, this is not the only video I have seen establishing and exploring the connection between fashion and accounting from the historical perspective. Many months previous, another fashion/shoe historian, Nicole Rudolph explored the truth behind a common belief of there being a correlation between the economy and the heel height of women’s shoes. While Rudolph (2021) ‘debunks’ the myth the intriguing connection between women’s fashion and accounting remains.

    One of my personal interests is fashion history and historical fashion and thus, to see potential to research it from an accounting perspective is fascinating. It is a subject that I have given considerably less thought to than my previous ‘Research To-Do’ entry however, now that the spark has been ignited, I suspect I shall start viewing fashion history content with my ‘researcher hat’ on, a hat that would have undoubtedly be crafted by an accounting savvy female milliner…

    References (and links to the videos discussed)

    Cox, A., 2023, ‘Alexander McQueen & The Patriarchy Problem in Modern Fashion’, The video can be viewed here

    Rudolph, N., 2021, ‘Does the Economy ACTUALLY Affect High Heel Height? Shoe Historian Reacts’, The video can be viewed here

    Wootton, C.W. and Kemmerer, B.E. (2007) ‘The Emergence of Mechanical Accounting in the U.S., 1880-1930’, The Accounting Historians Journal, 34(1), pp. 91-124.

    * A Mantua was a style of dress worn in the 17th/18th Century CE. Described (on WIkipedia, but it is accurate) as “A mantua (from the French manteuil or ‘mantle’) is an article of women’s clothing worn in the late 17th century and 18th century. Initially a loose gown, the later mantua was an overgown or robe typically worn over staysstomacher and either a co-ordinating or contrasting petticoat.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantua_(clothing)

  • Ornament and Crime, Creativity in Academia

    After spending the last few months working on a theoretical paper that will eventually (eventually being now, as I plan to return to the task after this post) my PhD theory chapter. I have been thinking a lot about how ‘academic’ writing is defined and, if creativity has a place in academic writing.

    Ornament and Crime, Adolf Loos and Modernity

    As is my ‘way’ of things, I begin in a non-accounting capacity. The first time I encountered the argument against ‘fluff’ (an architecture terminology for aesthetic decoration) was in an undergraduate essay on the titular architect, Adolf Loos. ‘Ornament and Crime’ is an essay composed by Loos in the early 20th century that rallies against the concept of adding ‘ornament’ (decoration) to useful objects. Having being published in the Art Nouveau era, this view at the time would have presented a stark contrast to the ornamental, free flowing and naturalistic form of this periods architects (Antoni Gaudi and Charles Rennie Mackintosh being two notable examples). Loos modernist approach of clean lines and functionality link to the concept of form is function, that an object, be it chair, vase, or building, need only to ‘be what it is’ i.e., beauty is not in the decoration but in the stark reality of ‘what is’. Furthermore, ascribing Loos ‘style’ (the concept of the aesthetic being a style would undoubtedly go against Loos view but even ‘ornament free’ is a type of style) as ‘modernism’ also suggests that ornament was a ‘backward’ choice, a regurgitating of history or something that bore no relevance in today’s world.

    My essay was a critical review of Loos work and, I rather wish I had access to a copy of my essay, as I am curious to review if my own views on the subject have changed since. Here in 2023 however, my view is somewhat conflicted, I agree that ‘ornament’ can at times degrade the inherent beauty in an objects form however, to denote ornament to the realm of ‘unnecessary’ degrades the necessity, influence and beauty in art and creativity.

    Keeping with architecture, consider the 21st century housing developments by house builders. Every house is the same, a variant of 3 or 4 ‘models’ arranged in a pattern that maximises the space (maximising in the sense that the space can fit the maximum number of houses not that the space is optimised for the inclusion of landscaping and green space). Having once worked for a housebuilder, it is found that to view an image of these homes without context (i.e., any view of the surrounding area), one could be anywhere in the UK, they all look the same, and they are all soulless.

    Compare this with the work of Antoni Gaudi or Mackintosh, the visuality of the work of these architects is breath-taking. No two are alike (as was the point of Art Nouveau, replicating the idea of nature) and even if the aesthetic was ‘not your vibe’ the presence of visual stimuli gives the view a spark of creativity. Mackintosh in particular is an excellent example as, unlike Gaudi, Mackintosh’s work is more minimalist in its ‘ornament’ thus, showing that ornament can have a place in classical or modernist aesthetic.

    So, what does this have to do with academic writing?

    Academically my background has been formed from art-based fields. From Art as my favourite (and strongest) subject in school, to my 6 years of study in architecture where discussions such as the above were the norm. In any critical work I have performed, the purpose was to analyse not only viewpoints or authors/artists/architects, but to consider the impact and intention of design decisions. For example why choose red over blue in a painting, what is the artist trying to tell us, or make us feel, in choosing that particular colour or designing that space to hold light in such a way. Even in English in school, critical review of literature followed this concept. For myself, the study of the Great Gatsby is one of note, the choice of the yellow car (yellow being symbolic of death) and the green light across the way (symbolic of money and moving forward). This symbolism in literature in particular is where we reach the shores of academic literature.

    In academic writing, there is (arguably, I cannot speak for all academics) there is view that ones work should be free of ‘ornament’ as creative writing (perhaps not unlike creative accounting) bears connotations of deceit. While it is absolutely true that data and factual information should not be altered to suggest something else that may be untrue, this does not mean that information cannot be presented using creative writing techniques. Research is already expanding to include creative methodology, with data being presented and analysed in collaboration with artists. If research can benefit from the vision of an artist, then why not include an artists skills in the writing?

    Even if we do not use it, we should know how to find it

    This is an interesting thought as, I believe that creative writing is already quite prominent in academia. This returns us to my theory paper. The paper is a discourse analysis of accounting technology literature to show why we could benefit from adopting new theories in accounting research. I wrote this paper in the same way I would have written an essay of Adolf Loos or the Great Gatsby, I was not search for the facts about technology in the literature, I wanted to know what the author felt about it. To do that I have to read between the lines, I had to analyse every word chosen and ask ‘why did they chose that word specifically?’, ‘what were they trying to say by choosing that word?’. In using this method, I unearth a treasure trove of symbology, imagery, suggestion, and creativity within the academic literature. The use of imagery and symbolism was particularly prominent throughout a number of papers. This showed me that creativity is (knowingly or unknowingly) a strong part of academic writing. It is perhaps connected to the realm of social science, or aspects that utilise a social, psychological, or human aspect as, we as humans, are far removed from ‘black and white’, there are a host of factors that come into play when discussing subjects pertaining to human behaviour.

    What has created further interest however, is also the realisation that critical analysis or review of academic literature (in accounting at least) does not look to these aspects in empirical literature. I have failed to find empirical examples of literature analyses that include these deeper aspects (if you know of one, please send the details my way). Perhaps it is believed that including a creative and personal interpretation in this manner is too subjective however, it could be argued that this could point to important limitations in the research. Maybe something within the study other than the data has caused you to form a certain opinion; thus, what was it, and why would the author want you to feel that way? Even if the stance is to agree that using creative writing techniques is ‘wrong’, should it not still be common practice to look for these techniques?

    Should we or Shouldn’t we get creative then?

    In short, we should. However, we should be critical of how we use creativity. For example, are we using imagery to represent an event e.g., to compare an accounting scandal to a car crash. The metaphor emphasises the tragedy and trauma of the event without suggesting any misrepresentation of the factual data. The key is these elements, the data and the art, must work together to tell a factual story. Furthermore, perhaps the purpose of the study is to highlight the impact of auditing scandals and thus the intention of the paper is to evoke discussion by using certain imagery/symbolism/word choice to trigger a response in the reader. The important consideration for creative academic is that it cannot diminish the integrity of the data. You can present findings, data, and the overall message of your paper creatively, but you cannot lie.

    No matter what Adolf Loos said, there is a difference between ‘ornament’ and ‘crime’…

  • Adventuring beyond the PhD (and the grave)…

    Originally I intended this to be part of my Creativity post as a quick recap of recent adventures, but as usual, my writing spiralled and the brief update grew into a whole post worth of content. So, let us start this weeks double posting with my most recent adventures. Since the last post I have attended two events, neither PhD subject related but both contributing to my interest in connecting our death culture with accounting.

    Glasgow Crematorium – The Glasgow Open Doors Festival

    On a very rainy Sunday afternoon a few weeks ago, I set off to explore Scotland’s oldest Crematorium, Glasgow Crematorium. Built in 1895, the crematorium is a wonderful example of Victorian death architecture, relatively simplistic in aesthetic (unusual for the era) but here it is the residents who bring the power to the design. Inside the building is a beautiful multi-storey columbarium with niches filled with an array of ‘urns’ (cremains containers range from marble and timber boxes to the more recognised urn).

    The visit included a guided tour that covered all areas of the crematorium, from a glass jar containing the first body cremated on the site (a sheep) to the furnaces, teaching us death-curious visitors the details on how the cremation process is carried out. The tour that was fascinating while incredibly respectful to the process of cremation. The only downfall of the visit was the rain as the crematorium grounds (a necropolis and memorial garden) were too wet too be explored (a good reason for another visit in the future). While it sounds macabre to spend your Sunday, this was a fascinating experience I highly recommend. The columbarium was beautiful, a library of humanity if you will, each niche containing the rich stories of a life once lived. Furthermore, it was incredibly interesting to learn how the business side of cremation works and the important role it plays in the community both in terms of the service given to families and the charitable work they carry out.

    If you happen to be around for the next Glasgow open doors festival, this is a must see.

    From urns to jars; The Glasgow University Anatomy Museum Open Day

    This visit is the reason that we have this post a week late. Last Friday Glasgow University hosted the first of what I believe will a semi-regular event (possibly monthly), an Anatomy Museum open day. This (like the above) was another event found on my Eventbrite scouring sessions, I have visited the Edinburgh University Anatomical Museum (another venue that hosts a monthly open day I believe) so it seemed only right to pay Glasgow a visit.

    While the focus here is the contribution to science (there is an option/facility to donate your body here but I could not find a link to add), this is undoubtedly still a place of death and memorialisation. The inhabitants are anonymous and (rightly so) no photos/sketching/recording of any kind are allowed so there is something very different about this place. On the one hand it is fascinating to essentially see what your insides actually look like yet, on the other this creates a strange sensation that you do not get anywhere else where remains are interred. There is a transparency unequivocal in view the actual body parts of a human (or animal in some cases) yet, there is a complete sense of mystery as you will never know anything of this person other than what this particular part of their body looked like.

    It was most definitely a powerful and (another) fascinating experience, worth a visit (if you are not squeamish) to either Glasgow or Edinburgh’s anatomy museums (as a note Edinburgh contains more skeletal specimens, Glasgow is more focused on organs, tissue).

    Final thoughts (or ramblings) on places of finality…

    Both of these visits were almost beyond words, I know places of death are not for everyone however, visiting places like this (for me) are proving so crucial to surviving my PhD. Focusing specifically on the crematorium (and other cemeteries I have visited), the term “resting place” is not just intended for the people interred there. Memorial grounds are wonderful places of reflection. Particularly looking toward older cemeteries, these spaces were designed to also function as green space/parks, places where the living could go to reflect and enjoy nature, art and time with loved ones lost. For those of us visiting sometimes hundreds of years after the inhabitants deaths, it becomes an opportunity to reflect on past, present, and future. Focus turns from modern life’s trials for a few brief moments as you read the details of those around you; who were these people, what were their lives like, who did they leave behind? For myself, visiting a cemetery switches everything else off for a short time, instead of worrying about my PhD, I give a few brief moments to give something back to the people of history. It is said that we die two deaths, one when we physically die and again in the last time someone speaks our name. So every now and then, I find a strange comfort in putting aside my own worries to help a fellow human achieve some kind of immortality…

  • Conference ‘Fall Crawl’: 3 Conferences, 2 weeks, 1 Presentation

    Today’s post is yet more evidence of why scrolling through EventBrite can pay off (well sort of, only 1 event from this crawl was found there).

    Over the last 2 weeks I found myself inadvertently on yet another conference crawl, and not just any conference crawl, this one was entirely free of charge.

    What made this adventure notable was that only one of these events related to accounting, the other 2 were arguably random but, as you will see, were certainly worth the (virtual) attendance.

    September 1st 2023, ‘Bodies on Display’ The University of Glasgow

    This event was found on one of my frequent Eventbrite explorations. Eventbrite is a fantastic place to find conferences, seminars, lectures, and workshops, many of which are free to attend. If you saw my previous post, you will know I have an interest in the slightly more macabre aspects of life (and death) and so this event, although unrelated to my thesis, piqued my general interest.

    Initially, not knowing exactly what content to expect, I worried that I would not make it through the session. Ironically for someone who likes the macabre, I have a strange tendency to faint when I hear medical procedures being described (I can watch no problem, but you add a description and I hit the floor, literally) and thus, I did fear that if the event contained display aspects such as dissections, I would have to make a swift (zoom) exit.

    Thankfully the conference was actually exploring far deeper aspects, many of which are definitely adding some ideas to my Research ‘To-do’ list. The conference hosted fascinating presentations discussing cryptids (creatures of myth and folklore), historical ‘freakshows’, the treatment and representation of indigenous remains, taxidermy and many more. The concept of how we treat and represent both animals and humans gave much to consider and, from an accounting perspective, many questions around the motivations for such decisions and behaviours were raised in my mind.

    As mentioned, this one bore no relevance to my thesis but, as I have said before, the irrelevant events that interest you are still most certainly worth attending as you never know what future avenues it may open. Additionally, considering the conference was free to attend online, this was a day well spent.

    September 5th 2023: The Scottish Doctoral Colloquium in Accounting and Finance – University of West Scotland

    The ‘ScotDoc’ conference was one I attended in 2022 and when I spotted this years event was still open for presentation submissions in July I opted to take the opportunity to use my redundant presentation from the JIAR Doctoral Colloquium from a few months ago (I thought I would be presenting, there were no presentations). Having been accepted to present I logged on in the morning and tuned into a series of very interesting PhD’s in progress.

    Having an interdisciplinary and technology/historically-based subject, I admittedly do not find many similar accounting researchers that I can connect with for knowledge exchange however, there is still value in hearing about what else is going on in your primary field.

    Furthermore, Doctoral events in particular are worth attending as, if nothing else, there is a lot of reassurance and value to be gained (and given) from these events. You learn that you are not alone in the PhD challenges that you face; the uncertainty, the hopes, the absolute panic when someone asks you a question that you do not have a concise answer for. It is a reminder that we are all in the same boat and that we are a very supportive community. I saw many presentations from those just starting their journey and was reminded of those early days where you are still very much trying to figure out the best path. There were also presentations from those near the end of the journey, presentations that you watch thinking “wow, how did they get there, they seem to have it all together, when does that happen?”

    Admittedly that last part provokes both hope and anxiety for me, hope that it will all fall into place at some point but also mild terror that maybe I am moving too slowly. Either way, as long as I can commit more of my time to focus than procrastination I should be ok…

    September 7th-8th 2023, ‘Women and the Sea’ symposium – University of Plymouth

    If you have done the math, you will see that I am writing this post as the event is taking place. This is also something to consider when deciding to attend online events. If you are uncertain over how relevant an event will be and you can attend online, do it. The beauty of online events is that you can work while listening to the event. You can drop in and out as you need/desire and so, you will not miss out on potentially useful or interesting information.

    I believe I found this event on a society newsletter, but it is also possible that I found it on Eventbrite but, whichever it was, the advice to take time to scrutinise events pages and sign up for relevant newsletters still stands.

    Wherever I found it, the event appealed as this was very relevant to the larger context of my thesis, 16th & 17th century English Maritime development. As a free event, I figured this would be good to virtually attend to see if I could gain any new insights, although the focus was upon women and the sea, it would still provide good general contextual information.

    What I did not expect was how relevant some of the content would be. The very first presentation featured account books of women merchants/traders, accounting in the first presentation, my interest was raised! Following this was perhaps the biggest gain from this event, an introduction to the Maritime Britain project. The project appears to cover the precise time period and content that I am using to construct the discussion for my own research. Hopefully there is a good connection that can be made here, time will tell.

    And so ends another conference crawl…

    Again, the last two weeks experience once again confirms my earlier reflections regarding the value in a random conference or event. There is always something to be gained from an academic event; be it presentation experience, new areas of interest, new insights into your own research, new methods/theories, new contacts, or even gaining a sense of reassurance.

    No one’s research truly exists in isolation, one way or another, it all connects back to a bigger picture so, if you are researching taxation in North American organisations and want to attend a conference or event discussing the secret life of Guinea Pigs, you click that ‘register’ button, you never know what you might learn…

  • Research To-Do: Death & Double Entry

    As I (try) to embed the habit of regular posting I have realised that fully researched/cited blog posts in conjunction with researching/writing a thesis may not be entirely plausible as ‘down time’ is very much a PhD necessity (after all, Halloween sweaters do not knit themselves). I do however, desire to share my research thoughts and interests thus, “Research To-Do”.

    One habit I have fully embraced in my 2+ years so far is the collation of a “future research” list. This list is lengthy and I am impatiently waiting to get started on it. So, to appease my desire to discuss these topics without fully committing to fully researching them at this point in time, this new series is my way of introducing you to my research interests.

    Death & Double Entry: Accounting and the Dead

    First on the To-Do is death. As a researcher, and a human, other humans are fascinating. Life and how society lives it is fascinating. There is one aspect of life that as humans we all share, and that is death.

    Death culture in society is among the most diverse aspects of life. Almost every society views and treats it differently, even within the same society, that view can change over time. For myself, it is the historical aspect of death, the ‘what is left behind’. Death leaves behind a legacy of life, a final account of the human that once walked this earth. Good or bad, memorialisation of the dead is the (tinted) window to the past. Should we wish to view the historical activity of a company, one place we would turn is its ledgers, if we wish to view the historical activity of a society, we too might turn to a more physical, sombre ledger, a cemetery.

    And this is where I admit that I am a taphophile…

    A what?

    ‘Wiktionary’ (website discovery of the day) tells us that Taphophilia is the “Deep interest of funerals, cemeteries and the rituals of death.” And this quite accurately sums up my interest.

    For many, the cemetery/graveyard/kirkyard/churchyard/necropolis is an unsettling and sombre place. As mentioned, for myself, they are windows to the past, memory and art combined. Must can be learned about a person (and a society) from their head (or foot) stone. In my conferencing this year, I’ve been able to explore a small number of cemeteries/graveyards/kirkyards, and in doing so I have learned and been reminded of many an interesting lesson.

    Women’s Place and Death in History

    Mary’s Headstone in St Oswalds Churchyard Wildlife Meadow, Durham

    The inequality faced by women throughout history is certainly not new knowledge however, seeing the historical graves of women in the UK has reminded me of how little the contribution of women was valued. Almost all women’s grave markers told us not who this woman was, but who they were associated with. In some cases, women’s grave markers actually had more space dedicated to detailing the life and successes of their husbands than what they themselves achieved in life. It serves as a painful reminder that for the most part, women have been consigned to being a mere footnote in history, an accessory, or possession, of a man.

    There are exceptions though, in the world famous Greyfriars Kirkyard, I discovered a remarkable memorial for Elizabeth Paton. The memorial is in Latin (I am learning but not quite at the level to translate) however, placing faith in Canmore the inscription details the many virtues of Elizabeth. It is likely that these will still focus only upon her role as a wife and mother (not a criticism of being a wife and mother, merely emphasising that women are individuals out with these roles) however, whatever it may say, at least it is dedicated purely to Elizabeth, the centrepiece of their own memorial as they should be.

    Memorial of Elizabeth Paton, Greyfriars Kirkyard, Edinburgh

    And what does any of this have to do with accounting?

    As hinted above, accounting holds strong connections to death and the connection depends on how you answered the question of “what is accounting?” a few posts previous. If accounting is a purely financial exploit to you, then certainly there are avenues to be explored in the realm of the dead, be they analyses of death-related organisations or the financial position of individuals at their time of death.

    If, like myself, you believe that accounting is more than the act of financial recording then there are many more avenues to explore in the land of the dead…

    ‘Accounting’ expanded is the act of taking account, making a record of something, be that financial or otherwise. To ‘take account’ is much like the concept of accountability, proclaiming responsibility for acts or possessions. One are where this gains interest is in religion, death and accounting. The ancient Egyptians among many civilisations, took details accounts of endeavours and offerings made in the name of the Gods. In doing so they were garnering favour with the Gods, proving their worthiness for a comfortable place in the afterlife. In this approach, accounting becomes a pivotal part of death, accounting for God(s), even in contemporary media, I am reminded of Johnny Cash singing how “the old account was settled long ago” in reference to gaining entry to heaven.

    Study could also extend into accounting, society and death in a similar manner. Consider the prominence held in ‘public opinion’ both now and throughout history.

    And now back to the land of the living….

    There is certainly much scope in this area and I hope that one day I can explore this avenue to contribute to conversations around death and the death positivity movement. Death is all around us, Memento Mori’s lie scattered throughout our world, hidden in plain sight. Even within the very grounds of my university lies the Burial Ground of the family who once governed the estate where Heriot-Watt’s Edinburgh campus now stands.

    For some, good accounting is all about hard work and reaping the rewards, for others, it is about accounting for the souls reaped long ago. Hold onto those pennies, you will need them for Charon…

    St Peter Mancroft Church Burial Ground, Norwich
    Greyfriars Kirkyard, Edinburgh
    St Cuthberts Kirkyard, Edinburgh
    Private Burial Ground of the Gibson-Craig Family, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh
  • What’s in a name? Names, Gender, & Identity

    Disclaimer 1: When referring to author of the journal being discussed, I have used they/them pronouns as I do not know their preferred terms and do not wish to assume.

    Disclaimer 2: This may contain spoilers for the Barbie Movie (I am not 100% certain they are spoilers but, in case they are, maybe read after seeing the movie if you wish to see it)

    This is not the topic I planned for this week (I shall postpone that post to another time) but my supervisor shared an exceptionally interesting paper with the team this week and it triggered a powerful response (and some interesting personal realisations) that I thought to intriguing not to share.

    The aforementioned paper was ‘Me, the Patriarchy, and the Business School‘ by Andrea Prothero (hopefully the link grants access if not, you may have to take my reflections on good faith). The paper explores Prothero’s (2023) career experience within a university business school. As an XX human or societally described “female” myself, a paper concerning gender and patriarchy was perhaps guaranteed to prompt a powerful response however, even with that knowledge, the intensity of my response while reading Prothero’s (2023) experience was unexpected.

    Of further interest, by coincidence I also watched the Barbie Movie yesterday. While it may seem ambitious or odd to place Barbie in the same realm as an academic journal paper, I find myself fascinated by the remarkable number of similarities in the messages of these two works…

    2 Very Different Mediums with 1 Very Similar Message

    As one should expect, the general ‘woman-experience’ checklist (such a thing should not exist) addressed in both paper and movie; sexual harassment, gaslighting, unrealistic expectations on beauty & personality, and of course exclusion/denial from places of power.
    Prothero (2023) shares their “death by a million cuts” a hugely powerful metaphor explained as, society viewing one small cut in insolation is deemed insignificant but, to view the whole picture, one cut for every harm caused by patriarchal systems, it can be seen that the victim is actually bleeding to death. In every cut there is Prothero’s (2023) denial for promotion, their salary inequality (which their employer explains being due to age, as their male counterpart is a whole 10 days older, so we see sexism and ageism if 10 days is significant enough to justify a higher salary), and belittlement by male staff and students alike. The inclusion of the students generated the most surprise (even though it should not have). Removing (for a moment) gender from the equation, I was raised on the principle of respecting your teachers/elders/fellow humans/etc, never once was I told that this rule only applied to men yet, Prothero’s (2023) experience clearly demonstrates that gender appears to dismantle this basic concept of humanity.

    Before exploring Barbie, it should be acknowledged that the message in the movie is embedded with comedic delivery/undertones, perhaps to make the reality more palatable for the male contingent, as opposed to making light of the female/non-binary reality. For Barbie, there were many moments that struck as significant however, there is one in particular that created a strong impact. Upon meeting toy company Mattel’s board of executives, Barbie asks to speak “to the woman in charge” as she is concerned about the ‘condition’ of the real world. At this moment, Barbie learns that there is no woman in charge; the CEO, CFO, COO and every subsequent chief executive is male. Attempting to defend an all-male board, the CEO proclaims that women make this company because he is “the son of a mother”. This, as noted earlier, is delivered as a joke however, in that moment, I (for the first time in my life) could relate to Barbie. Barbie and I realised simultaneously that women are more likely to be connected to positions of power via a familial or marital link rather than holding that position themselves.

    So back to that question of what’s in a name…

    So why am I talking about names and identity in the title up there as there has been no mentions of names so far?
    As stated, both paper and movie explore the “checklist” items in the female experience accessory pack however, there is another detail in both Prothero (2023) and the Barbie Movie, that had a particularly powerful personal affect.

    In their paper, Prothero (2023) recalls an experience where a classroom informed them that they were in the wrong place as they were waiting on “Andy”, a male lecturer. For Prothero (2023), first name Andrea (who was in the correct place), this triggered strong and relenting sense of imposter syndrome. As a non-male, Andrea was not permitted and did not deserve to be Andy, Andy was a man and thus, Andrea was the ‘other’. “Otherness” is a powerful and debilitating experience for a human, it is a highlighting of something out with the norm, something that does not belong. As social creatures’ humans embed much of our being into our identities and belonging, and to have a part of that identity taken without consent can be the equivalent of pulling the foundations out of a building. For Prothero (2023) it seems that “Andy” thus became a reminder that they were not deserving of their identity, they did not meet student expectation, they were not “man enough” to be Andy, they did not belong.

    Equally in the Barbie Movie, we witness “Stereotypical Barbie” (her given model name) experience a crisis of identity. To Stereotypical Barbie, “Barbie” is symbolic of an idea, Barbie is an “every-thingness” that she believes she is not. Barbie is a president, an astronaut, a rock star, a doctor, a scientist, a Nobel prize winner, a supreme court judge and so much more but, she is none of these things, she is just “Stereotypical Barbie”, no special skill or career, just Barbie. In time Barbie learns that she is more than Stereotypical Barbie but, in this lesson, she also realises that she is still not Barbie, her name has defined her and without it she does not know who she is, Barbie was her identity.
    In both cases there is an interesting connection in name, gender and identity and further, there is suggestion as to how patriarchal systems can degrade that identity through the gendering of names.

    My name, my struggle, my saviour…

    I admit my struggles growing up were more aligned to my surname (a polish surname seems to be a metaphorical target on your back for bullies). However, my first name did not escape unscathed but interestingly, it is my first name that today holds the most challenge in building my identity as a woman.

    “Lesley’s a boy’s name” were the words my paternal grandmother uttered to my mum when she shared my given name with her. This experience has undoubtedly irritated my mum more than it did me however, on reflection, there is an indicator of the identity crisis to come here. In these words, I was marked before my birth with a tainted identity, it was not a positive affirmation that the 21st century would bestow to what is a relatively gender-neutral name, instead to some I would be “Lesley, Garden of Holly” (the meaning of the name Lesley apparently) to others I would be “Leslie, why does she have a boy’s name?”.

    Instigative grandmothers aside, I was welcomed and raised in stereotypical “girl” fashion; pink, dresses, even Barbies. Yet, among all my girly-ness (and weirdness but we will talk about that another time), I was Lesley, and I had no issue with that.

    I enjoyed 12 years as Lesley before the problems began to arise, emerging from the deep of the almost unbearable teenage and high school years, arguably the pivotal years in developing one’s identity and place in the world. It started with my surname, most memorably I was called a Nazi (a right of unwelcome passage for my family it seems) even though, my grandfather fought valiantly in the Polish navy with the allies, evidently history was not my bullies forte. This was the first chip in my identity armour. I grew to hate my surname, if I had a “normal” surname I would not have been targeted, “Niezynski” became the symbol of my bullying and pain, it was the reason why I was bullied (spoiler: it was not the reason, they were just awful people). Of course, you can only go so far with “Niezynski” and after the Nazi gaff, the jokes ran out. “Lesley” however, that had some equal potential…

    “Lesley” it turns out can have the word “bean” added on for bully entertainment. Now, why being a lesbian is something that should be used as an insult is completely unknown to me (even upon reflection, I do not recall being upset at the thought of being called a lesbian, I was just upset that it usually meant they were warming up for further appearance-related ridicule), but again my name had found a way to make my life miserable (as had my height, my hair and my apparent ugliness). With every day that passed, with every corruption of my name, a part of that delightfully weird little girl fell away, leaving behind a hollow shell of a human.

    Throughout these years my identity collapsed into crisis, I did not know who I was, or what I had done to deserve such circumstance. My name was the marker of my failure, the beacon of my social unacceptance. I was a loser and worse, a tainted loser, the one that nice kids avoided so not to be pulled into the vortex of darkness with me. At this point, a part of me believed that if I had a different name, I would have been a different person, I would have been happy.

    At that time, I admit I did not put much to my gender being the source of my bullying but, reflecting now I do suspect that had I been male, my experience would have been very different. Would they have commented on my looks if I were male? Thinking specifically about my height, would it have been accepted if I were a tall boy rather than a tall girl? (side note, I am average height, I just grew to my full height quickly).
    Furthermore, how does bullying “fit” with the female experience and how do girls and women overcome it? There is a societal expectation that as a girl or woman you should behave in a “ladylike” manner i.e., just sit there and take it. In contrast, had I taken the approach of my brother and father before me, who swiftly ended bulling with a swift punch, would I have been celebrated or punished? Ladies do NOT fight…

    Interestingly, there is also something I had not considered until writing this post; I was an intelligent girl, bullied by boys, and there is a patriarchal suggestion in this. Both in Prothero’s (2023) noting their more than worthy academic abilities and another scene in the Barbie Movie where, Barbie upon winning the Nobel Prize responds “Thanks, I deserve this”, we are introduced to women who are unashamedly (and rightly) confident in their skills. This aspect, their confidence in their minds, are then where both women are found to be supressed by patriarchal systems of power.
    I was never ashamed of my intelligence. It was the one area that the bullies could not diminish, I was smarter than them and we both knew it (side note: I was not walking around acting superior). Perhaps they saw the threat of a girl with potential for greatness, someone who, if left unchecked, might think she was entitled to opportunities to fulfil that potential. Opportunities that were not meant for women. Ironically, while they succeeded in destroying my confidence and, to an extent my belief in my deservedness of good opportunities, my intelligence never wavered, and it would be that would free me from them in time.

    Leslie vs Lesley

    As an adult I have come once more to feel proud of my name (after much therapy and self-work). My name is now a badge of my identity and heritage, one with such importance that I obtained Polish citizenship after BREXIT to protect it and keep that connection to my heritage ‘official’. However, it has been a long and difficult journey to discover, accept, and embrace my identity and, after reading Prothero’s (2023) paper, I have realised that my name still attracts some difficult gender-ised experiences.

    Every now and then I will receive and email that reads “Hi Leslie”. I accept that it is common in the US for “Leslie” to be used for women however, in this scenario, they had to know my name to send the email (and as the email is usually a reply to an email I have sent, my name is literally at the bottom to copy and paste). It has always irked me when this happens, it takes mere seconds to check after all, but I never fully understood why it bothered me to this degree. After reading Prothero (2023), I cannot help but question if gender is a part of this…

    By calling me “Leslie”, “Lesley” is being consigned to the “other” thus, I am being made the “other”. There is a denial of my existence in not acknowledging that there is a specific female version of “Leslie” (much like Francis/Frances). I am once more being cast out from the crowd, taking me back to those destructive teenage years. My name is part of who I am, and further, it is one of the most difficult parts of who I am. It took 20+ years for me to accept “Lesley Niezynski” as a positive part of my identity, that is a journey that should be treated with respect. To neglect to make the effort to include me in the conversation as me (not Leslie) suggests that you do not care about my contribution, my worth, my value, my existence as a woman or as a human.
    Now, it is not always men who make this spelling error however, this is perhaps reflective of the patriarchal society in which we find ourselves, we simple follow the common/majority thought, that it is not a problem that the Andy’s, Lesley’s, Chaz’s, Frances’s, Jo’s, Danny’s, and many more neutral names that exist are mis-gendered by man and woman alike without thought or consideration (I omitted non-binary there as it is likely their own struggles here will lead to enhanced consciousness of addressing individuals but there are likely to also be those who defy this assumption).

    In addition, this experience extends beyond gender; millions of individuals find themselves pressured to choose an “English” name because western people choose to diminish the importance of their true names with “oh I can’t pronounce that” (another common experience with Niezynski). There will be times when one chooses another name because they want to and this should be respected, as to deny someone their desired name, denies their views importance and thus, their worth as a human.

    For some reading this it may sound extreme to react so strongly to mixing up an “ey” with an “ie”. I mean it’s hardly a big deal right? It’s just a name, no one is saying you are not important because they spelt your name wrong. You’re overreacting, stop being so dramatic, it’s just one tiny cut, it’s hardly even bleeding…

    References

    Prothero, A. (2023) ‘Me, the Patriarchy, and the Business School’, Journal of Management Studies, https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12985

    Gerwig, G. & Baumbach, N. (2023) ‘The Barbie Movie’, Warner Bros, Heyday Films, LuckyChap Entertainment

  • Conference Crawl Anyone?

    In a useful follow-up to my previous post concerning finding yourself at a conference that did not quite meet your needs, I can now present the opposite outcome. Over the last week I attend 2 further conferences and, thankfully, I can report that these experiences gifted me some very useful material and connections.

    Conference 1: The First Annual Graduate Student Conference on Economic and Social History

    This first outing is what I believe to be the absolute best kind of conference and the reason why you should periodically browse around to find events. I discovered this conference through my Economic History Society membership and, seeing that it was 1. local, 2. free, and 3. history related, I knew that I wanted to check it out. I confess I do not assess events like this for their relevance to my PhD before deciding to attend them, I love all things history so I am definitely going but in this instance, it did concern social and economic history thus, I was confident that I would be able to leave with some relevant insights for my own research.

    Reflecting on the event I can certainly say that I was not disappointed. Firstly, being local (and a 1 day event) is a dream for my finances. I hopped on the bus to Edinburgh university for £2 and, after snacks, the whole day probably cost around £10. The location presented the added bonus of being able to explore the National museum during the break and wandering around in amazement at all of the nice cafes around Bristo Square.

    For the conference content itself, every presentation was fascinating and more than a few sparked a lot of personal interest. Some of the content explored covered the mapping of historical furniture makers of Edinburgh (some very interesting possibilities here for future expansion of my thesis), Che Guevara & voluntary labour Human Capital & Philanthropy in 18thC Scotland, The British Left & Communist Poland, Protectionism & Pensions in Argentina, Zakat-the 3rd Pillar of Islam in tackling Poverty in Africa, Chinese Migration in Shanghai’s foreign settlements, Growth of small towns in 19thC England, Black & Black History Representation in Period Dramas (the inspired a lot of thought around “Historical Accuracy” and how removing black history from dramas actually creates the inaccuracy creators claim to be avoiding), and Poverty in 19thC England.

    Hopefully I have not missed anything (I attempted to record the topic of each presentation) but if I did, I assure you it would most likely be due to my engrossment in the presentation and forgetting to take notes.

    The conference organisers and one of the University Departments of my dreams (I wanted to be an Egyptologist and, to be honest, I’d still like to bring Egyptology into my research now that I have learned that interdisciplinary is a thing)

    DCDC23: Discovering Collections, Discovering Communities Archival Conference @ Durham University

    My next conference came not but 3 days after the first where, this time I hopped on a train to Durham for DCDC23 for 3 days. I admit I cannot fully recall how I discovered this conference, I suspect it was another periodic event hunt (I should do a separate post on this). Although it contained no reference to accounting, as I am utilising archival research for my thesis, this seemed like the best place to be to learn more about archives and meet some people from archival, museum and library backgrounds.

    The conference began with its “History Day” exhibition, a set-up that saw various archives/libraries making themselves available for questions, promotion and all sorts of related magic. Now sadly, it felt like every archive was there except the one I intend to use (Bristol Archive), this is definitely an exaggeration as I am certain a vast number were not present but let us allow me this small flair of the dramatic this once. I did however, get the chance to talk to representatives from the UK National Archive who were very helpful and have given me much hope of finding additional content for my thesis.

    For the conference itself there were a mixture of keynotes, panels and workshops, all of which presented me with some very useful materials for thought and consideration. The point of the conference was not to introduce subject matter such as the previous conference but instead, to introduce me to ways that I can perform and present archival research. Thankfully I can report that I have been introduced to many avenues of exploration regarding how I might use and present my data visually in my research thus, we can call this conference a success.

    The “Pebble”: an example of one of the numerous ways that technology is creating tools to encourage engagement with museum collections

    My drawing from one of the workshops, my idea was using anatomical models to teach both skeletal structure and about different death cultures (Mexican death practices in this case)

    Let us now take a moment to share in frustration that I had finished typing this post but when adding in photos I somehow deleted the final 4 paragraphs… *screams*

    Let’s try this again, Reflecting on the Conferences

    This months conference outings both reiterate the learnings of the previous post and introduce some new points for consideration. The main lesson again is to choose your conferences wisely. These two conferences bore no relation to accounting research yet, they proved more valuable than the accounting conference that I attended last month. Thus, you really need to be clear on what you are doing in your own research and decide if an event includes aspects that would be beneficial to your specific needs/interests. Adding to this is the second lesson, and the reason for choosing wisely, conferences are expensive. Had I not attended the conference last month, my university expenses fund would not now be sitting fully depleted, I could have had the funds to attend next years BAFA conference for example but now, I will need to start saving to self-fund it.

    For almost every conference there is a big financial commitment. There is the tickets, travel, accommodation and subsistence, none of which comes cheap. Further, while I have found the opportunity to explore new parts of the UK to be really enjoyable, I have a weakness for books and fancy snacks. The books may be cheap (second hand mostly) but, when you are buying them everywhere you go, that adds up (entirely my fault though, I could just not buy them).

    There are ways to reduce costs (another future post perhaps) but still, a reasonable financial commitment is inevitable.

    So what’s next?

    As you may have guessed, I am going nowhere until my bank account recovers and my savings are restored. Thus, (and you should perhaps expect no less from an accounting PhD) the next few months will focus on super budget management.

    As mentioned, I am doing archival research thus, funding will be needed to carry out Data Gathering expeditions to London and Bristol thus, I will be both saving and attempting to source and apply for funding (yet another future post).

    In the meantime, my Bristol data does at least exist in digital transcribed form thus, for now it will be all data gathering and analysis. Expect lots of reading, writing, analysing, and pondering. Hopefully the next few posts can return to some research subject explorations. I did pick up a very interesting book in Durham (thank goodness I had a piggy bank full of £1 coins because I had to empty him to buy it) that will make for some very interesting research possibilities.

    Until then, I leave you with 2 of the stupid things I bought in Durham…

    Tea in one of those jam jar glasses, like I said fancy/silly snack weakness…

    A glass spider, I have pet spiders (1 jumping spider, 1 tarantula) it felt necessary…

  • Sheep on the Beach: Right Person, Wrong Conference

    June has been a fast moving month, while 1 week was a much-needed holiday, it was immediately followed by a conference (and by immediately I mean I travelled from Croatia to Edinburgh to Norwich in one very long day).

    JIAR 10th Annual Conference @ the University of East Anglia

    I had been looking forward to the JIAR conference as, in my own mind at least, it was going to be another opportunity to present my PhD thesis. I applied to attend the Doctoral Colloquium months prior and my PowerPoint was prepared and ready to go. What I had not prepared for however, was the reality that there would be no presentations at the event, the colloquium…

    The event was one of sharing information and advice regarding PhD/early career development which was very useful however the day was tinged with disappointment that my presentation would go unheard. In defence of the organisers, they never communicated that attendees would be presenting, I just (unwisely) assumed this was the case as had to submit an abstract/application to attend. Thus, from the beginning an important lesson (that would carry through the entire conference) was learned; ALWAYS research what a conference and its focus is about.

    As noted, the colloquium was still very useful, the only downfall being breakout sessions with all groups being in the same room, this arrangement left myself and my auditory processing disorder unable to figure out most of what anyone was saying…

    When the Realisation hits…

    What I could determine in the breakout sessions however, was that everyone seemed to be from quantitative research backgrounds. While there is nothing wrong with this (each to their own applies to research too), as a qualitative research I quickly felt very out of place. Moving into the main conference my quantitative dread became fully realised upon discovering that all of the presentations were also quantitatively-based and thus, I found myself surrounded by all statistics and no critical theory.

    I should note that this is not my saying that the conference or its content was bad, on the contrary, for a quantitative researcher this would be a fantastic event. What I am emphasising is that this was not a bad conference, it was just the wrong conference for me. As a young (as in early stage) researcher, I gain more from submersing myself in similar research types and fields, I can still learn much from counter methods however, it is not information that will see me improving how I research, draft and present my thesis. I certainly believe that later in my career I can benefit from expanding my research horizons but, right now, over-filling my mind does more harm than good.

    Making the most of Misguided Decisions

    Now while the conference was not exactly the right place for my history-bounding self, my geographical location did offer many an opportunity…

    I admittedly have not seen much of the UK and thus, attending conferences does provide the opportunity to explore my home nation and on this occasion, the results did turn out to help my PhD research.

    Wherever I find myself, my first port of call is always to find the local museums and in Norwich I had two; The Castle Museum and the Museum at the Bridewell. the former as luck would have it, was hosting The Last Voyage of the Gloucester: Norfolk’s Royal Shipwreck 1682, an exhibition displaying the current discoveries salvaged from the over 300 year old shipwreck. With my period of focus being 1500-1700, and exploring merchant shipping, this exhibition provided a useful ‘frozen in time’ glimpse into society and life of the time (or at least, a small part of the society). The Bridewell museum further assisted with displays of all aspects of Norwich life. The city’s final gift (except from bubble tea of course) was found in Tombland Books. I left Norwich with 2 further secondary data sources to read through.

    The lessons learned…

    The first would be, where possible, research to find out what kind of conference you are signing up for (and if it is not clear, ask if you can/are presenting). As follow-up, another lesson is that it might not always be possible to find this out, and you will only discover that the event is not quite relevant for you until you arrive. The thing to remember/realise here though that all is not lost. Whether entirely relevant or not, you can and will always leave having learned something useful.

    Second, when you find yourself at the wrong conference, there may be opportunity outside the venue walls. Maybe there is a university/department/individual based in the area that is relevant and you could reach out to? Maybe there is a a library, museum, local business/organisation where you can pick up some extra information or data sources? Or finally, maybe this is a chance to take the briefest of mental breaks and explore a new place (assuming it is safe/feasible to do so).

    While I did not leave with my notebook bursting with new insights, I gained some very useful pieces of advice and I thoroughly enjoyed my adventure through Norwich…

    Places of Note: Aside from the Museums & Bookshops, I was thrilled to find a Bird and Blend Tea store and discover the joy of Bubble Tea courtesy of Moya

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